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Friday, April 16, 2010

Ashra Kwesi Explains the Invasions and Battles of Kemet (Egypt) from the Ancient Temples

Source: www.youtube.com
This is an authorized video, produced and selected by Ashra Kwesi and his company, Kemet Nu Productions for viewing on YouTube. Brother Kwesi provides an eye-witness account of the invasions of ancient Kemet (Egypt) from the temple reliefs. ...
My main point here is that if you are the child of God and God is a part of you, the in your imagination God suppose to look like you. And when you accept a picture of the deity assigned to you by another people, you become the spiritual prisoners of that other people.John Henrik Clarke

Religion is the organization of spirituality into something that became the hand maiden of conquerors. Nearly all religions were brought to people and imposed on people by conquerors, and used as the framework to control their minds.John Henrik Clarke
http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=BWwhmLa1NsU
"

FOXNews.com - Ancient Egypt in Pictures

Source: www.foxnews.com
From tombs more than 4,000 years old to the Great Pyramids of Giza to mummies, the latest archaeology finds from ancient Egypt's vibrant history.
Study the past.
You could have long since
become the master of your existence, if only your thinking were in the
direction of truth. You are cowardly in your thinking, Little Man,
because real thinking is accompanied by bodily feelings, and you are
afraid of your body. Many great men have told you: Go back to your
origin - listen to your inner voice - follow your true feelings -
cherish love.
http://www.foxnews.com/slideshow/scitech/2010/01/18/ancient-egypt-pictures?slide=4
"

NileRiverValley

Source: www.youtube.com
Ancestral Devotion/Lonnie Plaxico- Bass/Marvin Sewell-Acoustic & Electric Guitar.Gary Fritz Percussion.
Ancestral Devotion/Lonnie
Plaxico- Bass/Marvin Sewell-Acoustic & Electric Guitar.Gary Fritz
Percussion.
http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=8ZRe_F7iO6M
"

Missionaries or Murderers? - The Christianising of Europe – Torture

Source: jesusneverexisted.com
Sources: Alan Hall, The History of the Papacy (PRC, 1998) Alice K. Turner, The History of Hell (Robert Hale, 1995) Brian P. Levack, The Witch-Hunt in Early Modern Europe ((Longman, 1995) A.F. Ide, The Popes... ...
The Pope's Pears:

The vaginal pear was used on woman who had sex
with the Devil or his familiars. The rectal pear was used on passive
male homosexuals and the oral pear was used on heretical preachers or
lay persons found guilty of unorthodox practices. Inserted into the
mouth, anus or vagina of the victim, the pear was expanded by use of the
... See Morescrew until the insides are ripped, stretched
and mutilated, almost always causing death. The pointed ends of the
'leaves' were good for ripping the throat, intestines or cervix open.


You can't convince a
believer of anything; for their belief is not based on evidence, it's
based on a deep seated need to believe. [Dr. Arroway in Carl Sagan's
Contact (New York: Pocket Books, 1985]
http://jesusneverexisted.com/murderers.htm
"

Religious Door-to-Door Converters Spirituality

Source: www.youtube.com
http://www.siddhayatan.org http://www.yogeeshashram.org http://www.siddhalishree.com (blog) Religious Converters always knock your door disturbing your peace. These converters are an example of religious madness. ...
Religious Converters always knock your... door disturbing your peace. These converters
are an example of religious madness. Imagine if the whole world was
converted to one religion, people will still find a reason to kill each
other. Why convert others from one religion to another religion, while
keeping them in a small box.

Enlightened Master, Acharya Shree Yogeesh,
emphasizes the only reason to convert: Convert the people's hearts.
Convert them to be more compassionate, kind, and loving people. There's
no need to convert their religion, convert their hearts.Transcription:Are
religious door-to-door converters doing the right thing?

This is
really a revolutionary question. Anger is the madness of the mind but
religious madness is the worst kind of madness.Sometimes there
are people who will knock on your door during the early hours of the
morning, who have come to convert you. They will disturb you while you
are spending time with your family.I had an experience with
three religious converters.

They did not know I was a Spiritual Teacher.
They were happy that I invited them into the living room, because they
found someone to convert. They were determined. I was ready to be
converted.I asked them first, 'Do you believe that we are all
Children of God?''Yes, he is our Father,' they answered.'Then
why are we poor, if we are his children? Do you think God is Almighty?'
'Yes, God is Almighty.

God is everywhere, he can do as he wishes.'According
to them God was a male. They called him Father. They never said that
God could be a called Mother.'If he is the Father, then why are
we suffering? Why do we have pain? I know that a very ordinary father
will not eat, if he sees his child suffering with disease or pain. He
will feel the pain of the child. Until the child is cured, that father
cannot relax.

How do you think your Father will feel knowing all of his
children are suffering? Do you think he can rest in peace?'As
soon as the men heard my answer they whispered to other saying that I
was a difficult person to convert.

However, they found an answer.'It
is Satan who makes us suffer.''I accept your idea that it is
because of Satan we are suffering. God doesn't make us suffer, only
Satan

can,' I replied. ' So then, who created this world?''God.''Who
created Satain?''God.''Who is responsible for our suffering if
God created Satan?'Satan is speaking through you.

They never
bothered me again.This is an example of what I call religious
madness.

They came to convert me, but truly what are they trying to
convert? If a person is already following Catholicism and a Jehovah's
Witness has come to convert, what happens next? They are making a person
chance from one small box to the next.

Islam is also an example
of religious madness. It is important to mention that it is unfortunate
that all the terrorists are Muslim. Osama bin Laden said that the whole
world should be Muslim. Imagine if the whole world became like him.

We
will go back to the Stone Age. These Muslim terrorists have given their
own religion a bad name. Why? There is a saying that if one fish dies in
a small pond, it spoils the water of the entire pond. These Islamic
terrorists, Jihadists, are ruining the name of good Muslims.

There are
good people too among them.The idea to convert religions is
religious madness. Converting is not good. Converting doesn't make
people become better.

Those who are religious and do not convert are
better people. By converting from one religion to another, religious
madness does not go away.

If you want to convert I will give you an
idea. Convert a person's heart. Make a person good. Make him/her
compassionate, non-violent, loving, and someone better in society.Change
their heart, not their religion.
http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=kNMhC3QlZj0&feature=related
"

Dead Enlightened Masters and Living Enlightened Masters

Source: www.youtube.com
http://www.siddhayatan.org http://www.yogeeshashram.org http://www.siddhalishree.com (blog) Transcription Living Master versus Dead Master Spiritual seekers are confused by this concept. It is easy to be with a dead master who has left his body because a dead master does not react to you. ...
Transcription Living Master
versus Dead Master Spiritual seekers are confused by this
concept. It is easy to be with a dead master who has left his body
because a dead master does not react to you. It is common tradition and
practice in India to worship dead teachers. It is easy for people to
worship God because God is bodiless. Many enlightened masters like
Mahavira, Buddha, and Jesus no longer have a physical body therefore
many spiritual seekers find it easy to be with them.

No matter what you
shower upon them with your prayers they do not react to you.... See More Contrarily, it is very difficult to be
with a live master because he will react to every one of your mistakes
and make you aware of them. No one likes to experience it, but a live
master will constantly keep an eye on you and correct you. He is looking
to lift you up and unfold your consciousness.

The entire Eastern
world is clinging to dead masters because live masters are too
difficult to be around. Live masters are always criticized because they
will speak the bitter truth. Throughout history live masters were
stoned, persecuted, and killed. Once they are dead they are worshipped
by millions of people. Look at Mahavira, Buddha, and Jesus and how many
followers there are today. Dead masters do not react now. How easy it is
to follow them.Learning has to be done through the live master
because he wants to teach you for your own goodness. A live teacher has
five qualities -- he can be seen, smelled, heard, his presence can be
felt and he can be fully absorbed because he is in your presence.

Dead
masters have good teachings but they are lacking these qualities. Unless
you have known a master who is deceased you cannot learn from a
departed master. Even though you will encounter difficulty learn from
the live master, it is beneficial for you.-----Many
enlightened masters have touched this earth, Jesus, Buddha, Mahavir,
however, they are unable to communicate their true teachings because
they are no longer in their body.

If someone misinterprets their
teachings, these dead masters cannot correct your thinking and
interpretation. Their instrument of body is no longer available.
However, most set up traditions, churches, and doctrines trying to
preserve their interpretations of these gurus, when in actuality they
are going further away from the true essence. It is better to come into
contact with a true living enlightened master where they can correct and
guide you to yourself. Only true living masters will not teach religion
or tradition to you.about a
minute ago ·
http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Urqtpf5CG4g
"

Carl Sagan "100 Billion Galaxies each W/100 Billion Stars"

Source: www.youtube.com
'There are in fact 100 billion galaxies, each of which contain something like a 100 billion stars. Think of how many stars, and planets, and kinds of life there may be in this vast and awesome universe.' ...
You can't convince a believer of anything; for their belief is not based on evidence, it's based on a deep seated need to believe. [Dr. Arroway in Carl Sagan's Contact (New York: Pocket Books, 1985]

We don't agree on who or what god is on this planet! there are 100 billion stars/suns in our galaxy,the nearest star to our Sun is Proxima Centauri, which is 4.2421 light years away.A light year is roughly 5,878,630,000,000 (5.8 Trillion miles)

The idea that God is an oversized white male with a flowing beard who sits in the sky and tallies the fall of every sparrow is ludicrous. But if by God one means the set of physical laws that govern the universe, then clearly there is such a God. This God is emotionally unsatisfying... it does not make much sense to pray to the law of gravity. [Carl Sagan]

One of the saddest lessons of history is this: If we've been bamboozled long enough, we tend to reject any evidence of the bamboozle. We're no longer interested in finding out the truth. The bamboozle has captured us. it is simply too painful to acknowledge -- even to ourselves -- that we've been so credulous. (So the old bamboozles tend to persist as the new bamboozles rise.) [Carl Sagan, The Fine Art of Baloney Detection]

Finding the occasional straw of truth awash in a great ocean of confusion and bamboozle requires intelligence, vigilance, dedication and courage. But if we don't practice these tough habits of thought, we cannot hope to solve the truly serious problems that face us -- and we risk becoming a nation of suckers, up for grabs by the next charlatan who comes along. [Carl Sagan, The Fine Art of Baloney Detection]

A light year is roughly 5,878,630,000,000 (5.8 Trillion miles), so

Proxima Centauri is around 24,937,736,323,000, or about 25 trillion miles.
Source(s):
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Proxima_Cen…


The major religions on the Earth contradict each other left and rightYou can't all be correct. And what if all of you are wrong? It's a possibility, you know. You must care about the truth, right? Well, the way to winnow through all the differing contentions is to be skeptical. I'm not any more skeptical about your religious beliefs than I am about every new scientific idea I hear about. But in my line of work, they're called hypotheses, not inspiration and not revelation. [Dr. Arroway in Carl Sagan's Contact (New York: Pocket Books, 1985), p. 162. ]
What I'm saying is, if God wanted to send us a message, and ancient writings were the only way he could think of doing it, he could have done a better job. [Dr. Arroway in Carl Sagan's Contact (New York: Pocket Books, 1985), p. 164.]


Anything you don't understand, Mr. Rankin, you attribute to God. God for you is where you sweep away all the mysteries of the world, all the challenges to our intelligence. You simply turn your mind off and say God did it. [Dr. Arroway in Carl Sagan's Contact (New York: Pocket Books, 1985), p. 166.]


The question [Do you believe in God?] has a peculiar structure. If I say no, do I mean I'm convinced God doesn't exist, or do I mean I'm not convinced he does exist? Those are two very different questions. [Dr. Arroway in Carl Sagan's Contact (New York: Pocket Books, 1985), p. 168.]


My faith is strong I don't need proofs, but every time a new fact comes along it simply confirms my faith. [Palmer Joss in Carl Sagan's Contact (New York: Pocket Books, 1985), p. 172.]


You see, the religious people -- most of them -- really think this planet is an experiment. That's what their beliefs come down to. Some god or other is always fixing and poking, messing around with tradesmen's wives, giving tablets on mountains, commanding you to mutilate your children, telling people what words they can say and what words they can't say, making people feel guilty about enjoying themselves, and like that. Why can't the gods leave well enough alone? All this intervention speaks of incompetence. If God didn't want Lot's wife to look back, why didn't he make her obedient, so she'd do what her husband told her? Or if he hadn't made Lot such a shithead, maybe she would've listened to him more. If God is omnipotent and omniscient, why didn't he start the universe out in the first place so it would come out the way he wants? Why's he constantly repairing and complaining? No, there's one thing the Bible makes clear: The biblical God is a sloppy manufacturer. He's not good at design, he's not good at execution. He'd be out of business if there was any competition. [Sol Hadden in Carl Sagan's Contact (New York: Pocket Books, 1985), p. 285.]


The Earth is an object lesson for the apprentice gods. 'If you really screw up,' they get told, 'you'll make something like Earth.' [Dr. Arroway in Carl Sagan's Contact (New York: Pocket Books, 1985), p. 286.]


Part of my message is that we're not central to the purpose of the Cosmos. What happened to me makes us all seem very small. [Dr. Arroway in Carl Sagan's Contact (New York: Pocket Books, 1985), p. 420.]


(When asked merely if they accept evolution, 45 percent of Americans say yes. The figure is 70 percent in China.) When the movie Jurassic Park was shown in Israel, it was condemned by some Orthodox rabbis because it accepted evolution and because it taught that dinosaurs lived a hundred million years ago--when, as is plainly stated at every Rosh Hashonhan and every Jewish wedding ceremony, the Universe is less than 6,000 years old. [Carl Sagan, _The Demon-Haunted World: Science as a Candle in the Dark_, p. 325]


I would love to believe that when I die I will live again, that some thinking, feeling, remembering part of me will continue. But much as I want to believe that, and despite the ancient and worldwide cultural traditions that assert an afterlife, I know of nothing to suggest that it is more than wishful thinking. The world is so exquisite with so much love and moral depth, that there is no reason to deceive ourselves with pretty stories for which there's little good evidence. Far better it seems to me, in our vulnerability, is to look death in the eye and to be grateful every day for the brief but magnificent opportunity that life provides. [Carl Sagan, 1996 in his article In the Valley of the Shadow Parade Magazine Also, Billions and Billions p. 215]


The politicians and the religious leaders and the weapons scientists have been at it for a long time and they've made a thorough mess of it. I mean, we're in deep trouble. [Carl Sagan, A&E Biography interview]


Life is but a momentary glimpse of the wonder of this astonishing universe, and it is sad to see so many dreaming it away on spiritual fantasy. [Carl Sagan]


In many cultures it is customary to answer that God created the universe out of nothing. But this is mere temporizing. If we wish courageously to pursue the question, we must, of course ask next where God comes from? And if we decide this to be unanswerable, why not save a step and conclude that the universe has always existed? [Carl Sagan, Cosmos, page 257]


Skeptical scrutiny is the means, in both science and religion, by which deep thoughts can be winnowed from deep nonsense. [Carl Sagan]


Many statements about God are confidently made by theologians on grounds that today at least sound specious. Thomas Aquinas claimed to prove that God cannot make another God, or commit suicide, or make a man without a soul, or even make a triangle whose interior angles do not equal 180 degrees. But Bolyai and Lobachevsky were able to accomplish this last feat (on a curved surface) in the nineteenth century, and they were not even approximately gods. [Carl Sagan, Broca's Brain]


We should be teaching our children the scientific method and the reasons for a Bill of Rights. With it comes a certain decency, humility and community spirit. [Carl Sagan, on secular morality]


One prominent American religion confidently predicted that the world would end in 1914. Well, 1914 has come and gone, and - whole the events of that year were certainly of some importance - the world did not, at least so far as I can see, seem to have ended. There are at least three responses that an organized religion can make in the face of such a failed and fundamental prophecy. They could have said, Oh, did we say '1914'? So sorry, we meant '2014'. A slight error in calculation. Hope you weren't inconvinenced in any way. But they did not. They could have said, Well, the world would have ended, except we prayed very hard and interceded with God so He spared the Earth. But they did not. Instead, the did something much more ingenious. They announced that the world had in fact ended in 1914, and if the rest of us hadn't noticed, that was our lookout. It is astonishing in the fact of such transparent evasions that this religion has any adherents at all. But religions are tough. Either they make no contentions which are subject to disproof or they quickly redesign doctrine after disproof. The fact that religions can be so shamelessly dishonest, so contemptuous of the intelligence of their adherents, and still flourish does not speak very well for the tough- mindedness of the believers. But it does indicate, if a demonstration was needed, that near the core of the religious experience is something remarkably resistant to rational inquiry. [Carl Sagan, Broca's Brain]


In a democracy, opinions that upset everyone are sometimes exactly what we need. We should be teaching our children the scientific method and the Bill of Rights. [Carl Sagan & Ann Druyan]


It means nothing to be open to a proposition we don't understand. [Carl Sagan]


There are many hypotheses in science which are wrong. That's perfectly all right; they're the aperture to finding out what's right. Science is a self-correcting process. To be accepted, new ideas must survive the most rigorous standards of evidence and scrutiny. [Carl Sagan, Cosmos television series]


I worry that, especially as the Millennium edges nearer, pseudoscience and superstition will seem year by year more tempting, the siren song of unreason more sonorous and attractive. Where have we heard it before? Whenever our ethnic or national prejudices are aroused, in times of scarcity, during challenges to national self-esteem or nerve, when we agonize about our diminished cosmic place and purpose, or when fanaticism is bubbling up around us-then, habits of thought familiar from ages past reach for the controls.
The candle flame gutters. Its little pool of light trembles. Darkness gathers. The demons begin to stir. [Carl Sagan, The Demon-Haunted World: Science As a Candle in the Dark]

If we're capable of conjuring up terrifying monsters in childhood, why shouldn't some of us, at least on occasion, be able to fantasize something similar, something truly horrifying, a shared delusion, as adults? [Carl Sagan, The Demon Haunted World, p. 109]


If some good evidence for life after death were announced, I'd be eager to examine it; but it would have to be real scientific data, not mere anecdote. As with the face on Mars and alien abductions, better the hard truth, I say, than the comforting fantasy. [Carl Sagan, The Demon-Haunted World, p. 204 quoted in 2000 Years of Disbelief, Famous People with the Courage to Doubt, by James A. Haught, Prometheus Books, 1996]


If you want to save your child from polio, you can pray or you can inoculate....Try science. [Carl Sagan, The Demon-Haunted World, p. 30, quoted in 2000 Years of Disbelief, Famous People with the Courage to Doubt, by James A. Haught, Prometheus Books, 1996]


Since World War II, Japan has spawned enormous numbers of new religions featuring the supernatural.... In Thailand, diseases are treated with pills manufactured from pulverized sacred Scripture. Witches are today being burned in South Africa.... The worldwide TM [Transcendental Meditation] organization has an estimated valuation of $3 billion. For a fee, they promise to make you invisible, to enable you to fly. [Carl Sagan, The Demon-Haunted World, p. 16, from James A. Haught, ed., 2000 Years of Disbelief, Famous People with the Courage to Doubt]


In Italy, the Inquisition was condemning people to death until the end of the eighteenth century, and inquisitional torture was not abolished in the Catholic Church until 1816. The last bastion of support for the reality of witchcraft and the necessity of punishment has been the Christian churches. [Carl Sagan, The Demon-Haunted World, p. 413, from James A. Haught, ed., 2000 Years of Disbelief, Famous People with the Courage to Doubt, by James A. Haught, Prometheus Books, 1996]


If we long to believe that the stars rise and set for us, that we are the reason there is a Universe, does science do us a disservice in deflating our conceits?....For me, it is far better to grasp the Universe as it really is than to persist in delusion, however satisfying and reassuring. [Carl Sagan, The Demon-Haunted World: Science As a Candle in the Dark]


At the extremes it is difficult to distinguish pseudoscience from rigid, doctrinaire religion. [Carl Sagan, The Demon-Haunted World: Science As a Candle in the Dark]


Avoidable human misery is more often caused not so much by stupidity as by ignorance, particularly our own ignorance about ourselves. [Carl Sagan, The Demon-Haunted World: Science As a Candle in the Dark]


Think of how many religions attempt to validate themselves with prophecy. Think of how many people rely on these prophecies, however vague, however unfulfilled, to support or prop up their beliefs. Yet has there ever been a religion with the prophetic accuracy and reliability of science? [Carl Sagan, The Demon-Haunted World: Science As a Candle in the Dark]


Is it fair to be suspicious of an entire profession because of a few bad apples? There are at least two important differences, it seems to me. First, no one doubts that science actually works, whatever mistaken and fraudulent claim may from time to time be offered. But whether there are any miraculous cures from faith-healing, beyond the body's own ability to cure itself, is very much at issue. Secondly, the expose' of fraud and error in science is made almost exclusively by science. But the exposure of fraud and error in faith-healing is almost never done by other faith-healers. [Carl Sagan, The Demon-Haunted World: Science As a Candle in the Dark]


Our species needs, and deserves, a citizenry with minds wide awake and a basic understanding of how the world works. [Carl Sagan, The Demon-Haunted World]


Advances in medicine and agriculture have saved vastly more lives than have been lost in all the wars in history. [Carl Sagan, The Demon-Haunted World: Science As a Candle in the Dark]


Virtually every major technological advance in the history of the human species-- back to the invention of stone tools and the domestication of fire-- has been ethically ambiguous. [Carl Sagan, The Demon-Haunted World: Science As a Candle in the Dark]


http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=5Ex__M-OwSA
"

Jesus Christ aka Serapis

Source: www.youtube.com
The charismatic character of the Bible once went by another name....Serapis Christus. But where did the origins of this character come from and why does the story of Jesus the Christ match so closely to the Egyptian story of Heru (Horus)
Jesus
Christ aka Serapis
The Ancient Egyptian/Christian Holy Families

The very thing that is now called the Christian religion was already in existence in Ancient Egypt, long before the adoption of the New Testament. The British Egyptologist, Sir E. A. Wallis Budge, wrote in his book, The Gods of the Egyptians [1969],

'The events which transpired five thousand years ago; Five years ago or five minutes ago, have determined what will happen five minutes from now; five years From now or five thousand years from now. All history is a current event.' Dr. John Henrik Clarke

The future is the past, modified. So one's hope of the future is still the past moving to what one considers to be the future. The mind never moves out of the past. The future is always the mind acting, living, thinking in the past.

What is the past? It is one's racial inheritance, one's conditioning as Hindu, Buddhist, Christian, Catholic, American and so on. It is the education one has received the hurts the delights, as remembrances. That is the past. That is one's consciousness.


Worship of Serapis
http://www.touregypt.net/featurestories/serapis.htm

The chief center of the worship of Serapis in Ptolemaic times was Alexandria at the great Serapeum, which was considered a wonder and a site of pilgrimage throughout the Mediterranean world, until it was destroyed by order of Emperor Theodosius in 389 AD. The Serapeum which Ptolemy repaired, or founded, was probably around Rhakotis near Pompey's pillar and was a very remarkable building.

Interestingly, Rhakotis was the small Egyptian village that had been located on the site of what would become Alexandria, and some traditions hold that Osirapis was its local God.

The Temples main plan seems to have resembled that of the famous Serapeum at Memphis, but parts of it were richly painted and gilded, and it possessed a fine library which was said to contain some 300,000 (or perhaps as many as 42,000) volumes. The library was actually an annex of the Great Library of Alexandria, and hence known as the 'Daughter Library'.

Within the temple was a specific and famous statue of Serapis. How the statue came to be in Alexandria at this temple is of some interest. Tradition holds that, while Ptolemy was considering the possibility of a hybrid god to unit the Egyptians and Greeks, he had a dream, wherein a colosssal statue of some god appeared to him and bid the king to remove it to Alexandria. According to Plutarch (De Iside et Osiride, 28), he had never seen a similar statue, and he knew neither the place where it stood, nor to whom it belonged. One day he happened to mention his dream to Sosibius, and described the statue which he had seen, whereon this man declared that he had seen a statue like it at Sinope. Tradition says that this was Sinope on the Pontus, and adds that as the inhabitants of the city were extremely unwilling to part with their statue, it, of its own accord, after waiting for three years, entered into a ship and arrived at Alexandria safely after a voyage of only three days. However, others provide that after three years of futile negotiations, Ptolemy's men simply stole, the statue, claiming that it had boarded their boat on its own.

There were other smaller temples and shrines dedicated to this god in various locations throughout Egypt, but the god's cult was also spread throughout much of the Graeco-Roman world by traders and other converts. Another Notable cult center was the Greek holy site of Delos, which was founded by an Egyptian priest in the third century BC.

There was even a Roman Period sculpted head of Serapis, dating to the second or early third century AD, discovered in London at the Walbrook Mithraem, and a temple of Serapis is mentioned in an inscription found at the Roman site of Eburacum (modern York) in the United Kingdom. Hence, he was even important enough to reach the most distant areas of the Roman Empire.

Interestingly however, Serapis really never received wide acclaim in Egypt itself, where other more traditional Egyptian deities continued to receive more popular worship.

Early Christianity

Serapis may have finally had certain ties with the early Christian community. There were certainly some similarities between Serapis and the Hebrew God. Serapis was a supreme god, and it seems that some early worshippers of Christ amongst the Gentiles could have possibly worshipped Serapis either purposefully, or confusing him with Christ, though the confusion seems more likely to have been one of language.

A correspondence of Emperor Hadrian refers to Alexandrian worshippers of Serapis calling themselves ‘Bishops of Christ’:

'Egypt, which you commended to me, my dearest Servianus, I have found to be wholly fickle and inconsistent, and continually wafted about by every breath of fame. The worshipers of Serapis (here) are called Christians, and those who are devoted to the god Serapis (I find), call themselves Bishops of Christ.'

–Hadrian to Servianus, 134A.D. (Quoted by Giles, ii p86)

In fact, it appears that some followers of Serapis were eventually expelled from Rome when, in 19 AD, Tiberius also expelled the Jews.

Nevertheless, how great confusion between Serapis and Christ could have existed is really somewhat questionable. In 68 AD, a mob of pagans is said to have formed at the Serapis Temple in Alexandria, who then descended on the Christians who were celebrating Easter at Baucalis. There, they sized St. Mark, dragging him through the streets, before throwing him in prison. Clearly those worshippers of Serapis and Christ were aware of each other and the differences within their religions, though perhaps at a later date, some amongst the worshippers of either may have chosen to cover all of their options.

On the other hand, some have pointed out that Chrestus (Christus) was another name for the Egyptian god, Serapis. Chrestus may be translated as 'Messiah', though the term need not apply to any specific Messiah, such as Jesus. It therefore could have simply been applied to 'Lord Serapis', so that in fact, there was never any connection at all between the early Christians and the worshippers of Serapis.
http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=fX7Q_wCo5uY
"

Skeptic Bible Study: Rape in the Bible (New Version)

Source: www.youtube.com
NEW VERSION including clips from Christians who try to claim that Yahweh is the essence of good in the universe. So how does this source of goodness deal with a no-brainer moral issue: rape? And if ...
Judges 21:10-24 (New Living Translation)
10 So the assembly sent 12,000 of their best warriors to Jabesh-gilead with orders to kill everyone there, including women and children. 11 “This is what you are to do,” they said. “Completely destroy[a] all the males and every woman who is not a virgin.” 12 Among the residents of Jabesh-gilead they found 400 young virgins who had never slept with a man, and they brought them to the camp at Shiloh in the land of Canaan.
13 The Israelite assembly sent a peace delegation to the remaining people of Benjamin who were living at the rock of Rimmon. 14 Then the men of Benjamin returned to their homes, and the 400 women of Jabesh-gilead who had been spared were given to them as wives. But there were not enough women for all of them.
15 The people felt sorry for Benjamin because the Lord had made this gap among the tribes of Israel. 16 So the elders of the assembly asked, “How can we find wives for the few who remain, since the women of the tribe of Benjamin are dead? 17 There must be heirs for the survivors so that an entire tribe of Israel is not wiped out. 18 But we cannot give them our own daughters in marriage because we have sworn with a solemn oath that anyone who does this will fall under God’s curse.”
19 Then they thought of the annual festival of the Lord held in Shiloh, south of Lebonah and north of Bethel, along the east side of the road that goes from Bethel to Shechem. 20 They told the men of Benjamin who still needed wives, “Go and hide in the vineyards. 21 When you see the young women of Shiloh come out for their dances, rush out from the vineyards, and each of you can take one of them home to the land of Benjamin to be your wife! 22 And when their fathers and brothers come to us in protest, we will tell them, ‘Please be sympathetic. Let them have your daughters, for we didn’t find wives for all of them when we destroyed Jabesh-gilead. And you are not guilty of breaking the vow since you did not actually give your daughters to them in marriage.’”
23 So the men of Benjamin did as they were told. Each man caught one of the women as she danced in the celebration and carried her off to be his wife. They returned to their own land, and they rebuilt their towns and lived in them.
24 Then the people of Israel departed by tribes and families, and they returned to their own homes.
Footnotes:Judges 21:11 The Hebrew term used here refers to the complete consecration of things or people to the Lord, either by destroying them or by giving them as an offering.New Living Translation (NLT)Holy Bible. New Living Translation copyright © 1996, 2004 by Tyndale Charitable Trust.
http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=S_tJdL6ulX8
"

Judges 21:10-24 - PassageLookup - New Living Translation - BibleGateway.com

Source: www.biblegateway.com
So the assembly sent 12,000 of their best warriors to Jabesh-gilead with orders to kill everyone there, including women and children. “This is what
Judges 21:10-24 (New Living Translation)
10 So the assembly sent 12,000 of their best warriors to Jabesh-gilead with orders to kill everyone there, including women and children. 11 “This is what you are to do,” they said. “Completely destroy[a] all the males and every woman who is not a virgin.” 12 Among the residents of Jabesh-gilead they found 400 young virgins who had never slept with a man, and they brought them to the camp at Shiloh in the land of Canaan.

13 The Israelite assembly sent a peace delegation to the remaining people of Benjamin who were living at the rock of Rimmon. 14 Then the men of Benjamin returned to their homes, and the 400 women of Jabesh-gilead who had been spared were given to them as wives. But there were not enough women for all of them.
http://www.biblegateway.com/passage/?search=Judges+21%3A10-24&version=NLT
"

Dr. Clarke:Black Liberation Was Just A Bunch Of Talk

Source: www.youtube.com
http://www.blackhistorychannel.org Dr.John Henrik Clarke are we ready for the 21st century
Dr. Clarke was quoted as saying, “We cannot separate folklore and myth
from truth. Folklore is both beautiful and essential. And myth is
essential to the ego of all people. But myth is not truth. Myth is based
on folklore.”
He observed that it is essential that people ...tell
stories that make them feel good about themselves. But in doing this
there is the danger of telling someone else’s story.
http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=6rHDYESmrCQ
"

The Kebra Nagast Index

Source: www.sacred-texts.com
The Kebra Nagast, by E.A.W. Budge, [1922], full text etext at sacred-texts.com
Michelle Miller sent me this link:)

This is a translation of the
Kebra Nagast, a tremendous collection of Ethiopian Biblical (FOLKLORE)
The Kebra Nagast tells the legend of the Queen of Sheba's son by King
Solomon, Menyelek (also known herein as Bayna-Lehkem and David II).
Menyelek engineers a plot to take the Tabernacle of the Law of God
(i.e., the Ark of the Covenant) to Ethiopia. ... See MoreThis is done at the behest of an Angel of God
who predicts the downfall of the kingdom of Solomon.

Comitted to
writing in the fourteenth century, the Kebra Nagast was derived from
Ethiopian oral traditions of the Queen of Sheba and her state marriage
with Solomon. The Kebra Nagast has been cited as one of the sources of
the Rastafarian movement because of its support of Ethiopian theocracy.
http://www.sacred-texts.com/afr/kn/index.htm
"

Bible: Intolerance

Source: www.skepticsannotatedbible.com
Bible: Intolerance-Long List-Short List-In the Old Testament-In the New Testament-In the Quran-In the Book of Mormon-Intolerance SAB DB Forum
Intolerance in the Bible
Religion in
General
What is religion but the deification of ancestors, the making
sacred of traditions within the context and history. How can we honor
any god who was used against us? The only people who accept alien gods
are defeated people all others honor and accept their own name for the
Almighty. We must learn to appreciate ourselves and our traditions. What
is wrong with the African God?

Isaiah 43:3-4)God makes Egypt, Ethiopia, and
Seba pay for Israel's sins. He says that he likes Israel better than
any other country so he's willing to sacrifice other countries for
the Israel's sake. 43:3 For I am the LORD thy God, the Holy One of... Israel,
thy Saviour: I gave Egypt for thy ranso...m, Ethiopia and Seba for
thee.43:4 Since thou wast precious in my sight, thou hast been
honourable, and I have loved thee: therefore will I give men for
thee, and people for thy life.

We Africans have always believed in a
supreme deity whether the name was Nyame, Oludumare, Abasi, Nkulunkulu,
Woyengi, Chukwu, Mawu and Lisa. This is true although others have said
we did not.

They have confused a lot of us.When the white
missionaries translated the bible in our languages, they asked our
ancestors for the name of the Almighty and they used the names our
ancestors had always used for the Almighty and then told us that we did
not have a belief in the Supreme.

But we now know that our
priests were no less wise in their observations than the Greek sophists,
the Hebrew prophets, the Arab ulema, or the Chinese literati.Our
ancestors believed in pluralism without hierarchy --- many expressions
of God without saying mine is right, or the only one, and yours is bad,
pagan, and heathen.

Perhaps had we done that we would have stopped the
alien religions at the shore, but we are the world's first humanists and
we allowed others to come with their goods and their gods.They
came with a political ideology in the name of religion. It was
imperialism. Imperialism brings destruction, obliteration.

How could we
fall for it for so long? The introduction of a book or a gun caused us
to lose our footing, to stumble on our way, to denounce our fathers and
mothers.There are no other people on the earth who have had to
denounce their ancestors in order to become better people.

Is it because
our ancestors are so strong that we are forced to denounce them before
our conquerors? This is one thing you shall never find me doing because I
know too much about my African contribution to history.

ConclusionsI recognize that
humans cannot advance without answering some basic questions like, Who
Am I? Why am I here? What is the purpose of existence? Who are we as
humans, Africans, Ghanaians, Gas, Ewe, Guans, Akans, African Americans?
Religion provides compelling answers and often small communities of
others who believe like we do.

African deities and the Almighty God of
Africa do that for us. They give us identity and direction. We are the
children of the Supreme God sustained by our ancestral connections,
formed to glorify the best values of Maat, encouraged to assume
responsibility for each other in a community of consciousness. Failure
to do this is a deviation, an abomination and we can only re-connect
through rites of ablution--- making, doing or sacrificing time, money,
energy in the name and interest of Africa. The concept of the gift is
the idea, not what we give.

This may change given education, science,
sensibility, scarcity, etc., but we need to sacrifice for Africa. But
our God must not be one of exploitation, egocentrism, conservatism and
westernization. If so, we shall go to hell. We must create our African
personality and identity in art, dance, medicine, education, science,
and religion and if we cannot do it here in the land of Okomfo Anokye,
Nkrumah and Du Bois, then it cannot be done in Africa.

If we do not do
it here in the land of Yaa Asantewaa, then we can never be the hope of
the hopeless. If Africa cannot find its way, then I fear the prospects
of the world. But Africa will rise to throw off the vestiges of mental
enslavement and there shall be rejoicing among the Nananom nsamanfo.

The
ancestors will say: Rejoice! Rejoice! Let the Gods of Africa Rejoice!Note:Molefi
Kete Asante is the author of 42 books, more than 200 articles, the
father of Afrocentricity, and the creator of the first doctoral program
in African American Studies.
http://www.skepticsannotatedbible.com/int/long.html
"

Christians: Read the Bible!

Source: www.youtube.com
http://www.godvsthebible.com An ironic challenge from a non-believer. Christians, read the Bible and stop calling yourself a Christian until you do.
ITS ALL ABOUT POWER! NOT GOD OR BEING HUMAN BEINGS
QUESTION
EVERYTHING:
Isaiah 43:3-4)God makes Egypt, Ethiopia, and Seba pay
for Israel's sins. He says that he likes Israel better than any
other country so he's willing to sacrifice other countries for the
Israel's sake. 43:3 For I am the LORD thy God, the Holy One of
Israel, thy Saviour: I gave Egypt for thy ranso...m, Ethiopia and
Seba for thee.43:4 Since thou wast precious in my sight, thou hast
been honourable, and I have loved thee: therefore will I give men
for thee, and people for thy life. Intolerance in the Biblehttp://www.skepticsannotatedbible.com/int/long.htmlBring forth him that hath
cursed without the camp; and let all that heard him lay their hands
upon his head, and let all the congregation stone him.--Lev.24:14


Tribes: How Race, Religion and Identity
Determine Success in the New Global Economy. - book reviews Joel
Kotkin's Tribes - a book about people ready for the 21st Century claims
that only Jews, Chinese, Indian, Japanese, and British are ready. These
groups have some commonalities which include (1) strong sense of
identi...ty,
(2) international network, and (3) a passion for technology.

Ptahhotep, instructs the ignorant in the
knowledge and in the standards of good speech. A man teaches as he
acts… The wise person feeds the soul with what endures, so that it
is happy with that person on earth. The wise i...s
known by his good actions. The heart of the wise matches his or her tongue
and his or her lips are straight when he or she speaks. The wise have
eyes that are made to see and ears that are made to hear what will profit
the offspring. The wise is a person who acts with MAAT [truth, justice,
order, balance, harmony, righteousness and reciprocity] and is free
of falsehood and disorder.—Ptahotep 2350 B. C. E.(From The Teachings
of Ptahhotep, the oldest book in the world, 4750 years ago, an
African book from KMT [“Egypt”]).African teaching functions must be
embedded in and must serve an African community. Traditionally,
http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=kjw48N1YbH0
"

Neil Tyson - The Universe is in Us.

Source: www.youtube.com
'What happened before the beginning?' Astrophysicists have no idea. Or, rather, our most creative ideas have little or no grounding in experimental science. Yet certain type of religious person tends ...
5. The belief that each child is a
“Living Sun,” a Devine gift of the creator.
Asa Hilliard quote

Ptahhotep,
instructs the ignorant in the knowledge and in the standards of good
speech. A man teaches as he acts… The wise person feeds the soul with
what endures, so that it is happy with that person on earth. The wise is
known by his good actions. The heart of the wise matches his or her
tongue and his or her lips are straight when he or she speaks. The wise
have eyes that are made to see and ears that are made to hear what will
profit the offspring. The wise is a person who acts with MAAT [truth,
justice, order, balance, harmony, righteousness and reciprocity] and is
free of falsehood and disorder.—Ptahotep 2350 B. C. E.(From The
Teachings of Ptahhotep, the oldest book in the world, 4750 years ago, an
African book from KMT [“Egypt”]).African teaching functions
must be embedded in and must serve an African community. Traditionally,
African communities have been identified by a shared belief in several
key elements. It is these elements that are the foundation for African
teachers. 1. The belief that the cosmos is alive.
2.
The belief that spirituality is at the center of our being.
3.
The belief that human society is a living spiritual part of the cosmos,
not alien to it. 4. The belief that our people have a divine
purpose and destiny.
5. The belief that each child is a
“Living Sun,” a Devine gift of the creator.

http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=XLvh64sMrWY&feature=PlayList&p=3E20A66107D0ECA6&playnext_from=PL&playnext=1&index=23
"

Carl Sagan teaching school children about the Universe

Source: www.youtube.com
This comes from Carl Sagan's Cosmos episode 7, 'The Backbone of Night.' Carl Sagan teaches children, at his former elementary school, about the Universe and our place within it. Near the end of this clip, ...
Jiddu Krishnamurti
on Existence of God
Question: I pray to God, and my prayers are
answered Is this not proof of the existence of God?Jiddu
Krishnamurti : If you have proof of the existence of God, then it is
not God (Laughter) because proof is of the mind. How can the mind
prove or disprove God? Therefore, your god is ...a projection
of the mind according to your satisfaction, appetite, happiness,
pleasure, or fear. Such a thing is not God but merely a creation of
thought, a projection of the known, which is past. What is known is
not God, though the mind may look for it, may be active in the search
for God.
http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=-OhweQWrltQ
"

"God" the divine Liar

Source: www.redicecreations.com
The behavior of God in Eden is most peculiar. Eden is the pivotal moment in earth's history because what happened there set the stage for future events. It also gave an opportunity for someone to take over, educate and develop the human race for their own purposes.
Jiddu Krishnamurti on Existence of God
Question:
I pray to God, and my prayers are answered Is this not proof of the
existence of God?Jiddu Krishnamurti : If you have proof of the
existence of God, then it is not God (Laughter) because proof is of the
mind. How can the mind prove or disprove God? Therefore, your god is a
projection of the mind according to your satisfaction, appetite,
happiness, pleasure, or fear. Such a thing is not God but merely a
creation of thought, a projection of the known, which is past. What is
known is not God, though the mind may look for it, may be active in the
search for God.

Osho: Anybody who gives you a belief system is
your enemy, because the belief system becomes the barrier for your eyes,
you cannot see the truth. The very desire to find the truth disappears.
But in the beginning it is bitter if all your belief systems are taken
away from you. The fear and anxiety which you have been s...uppressing
for millennia, which is there, very alive, will surface immediately. No
God can destroy it, only the search for truth and the experience of
truth – not a belief – is capable of healing all your wounds, of making
you a whole being. And the whole person is the holy person to me.

'The fact is there is nothing that you can
trust, and that is a terrible fact whether you like it or not.
Psychologically there is nothing in the world that you can put your
faith, your trust, or your belief in. Neither your gods nor your science
can save you, can bring you psychological certainty, and you have to
acce...pt that you can trust in absolutely nothing.'

If your mirror carries too much of the
scripture, God will not be reflected.” A Hindu cannot see God. How can a
Hindu see God? Just by being a Hindu he is creating a hindrance. How
can a Mohammedan see God? Just being a Mohammedan he is creating a wall
between himself and God. At least when you go to God don’t carry labels,
categories. At least when you go to God, go nude and naked. Go just as a
human being, just as pure being, a mirror ready to reflect... ready to
reflect whatsoever is the case. Don’t go on projecting an idea.The
Hindu looks for the Hindu God, the Christian looks for the Christian
God. And when you are looking for a God you are carrying an idea inside
you. And any idea inside does not allow you to fall into Dhyan, Samadhi,
meditation. All ideas have to be dropped. The mind has to cease for God
to be. When you are not, God is.

'God' the divine Liarhttp://www.redicecreations.com/specialre...The behavior of God in Eden
is most peculiar. Eden is the pivotal moment in earth's history because
what happened there set the stage for future events. It also gave an
opportunity for someone to take over, educate and develop the human race
for their own purposes
http://www.redicecreations.com/specialreports/2005/11nov/forbiddenknowledge.html
"

The Rosetta Stone (1of5).

Source: www.youtube.com
The first instalment of the History Channel documentary, The Rosetta Stone.
A teacher of African ancestry who does not go
beyond certification and degrees to know or to embrace an African
world-view is not an African! Cultural excellence is the essence of and
African teacher. In all of our learning, we must acquire an
understanding of ourselves and our heritage. This does not mean that we
cann...ot learn from others. However, we must be
critical learners, rejecting anything that is anti-AfricanAsa
Hilliard.

Most of us can't tell, because we are
ideologically weak, brainwashed and politically retarded. 'The
Amerikkkan Nigger Factory' is responsible for the state of consciousness
amongst our people trapped in this nation. Malcolm taught us 'that a
child is not born dumb b...ut made dumb.' This apparatus, 'Nigger
Factory' that carries out the tasks of miseducation 'n anti-Afrikan
propaganda is key to the maintenance of our collective madness making
cartoon characters outta of our people. And they laugh, they exploit and
murder us globally undetected by most of their victims as the beat goes
on.
Brother Del Jones

..education has but one honorable purpose, one
alone, everything else is a waste of time......that is to train the
student to be a proper handler of power.' Dr. John Henrik Clarke

When the missionaries came to Africa they had
the Bible and we had the land. They said, `Let us pray.` We closed our
eyes. When we opened them we had the Bible and they had the land.

QUESTION EVERYTHING: Isaiah 43:3-4)God
makes Egypt, Ethiopia, and Seba pay for Israel's sins. He says that he
likes Israel better than any other country so he's willing to sacrifice
other countries for the Israel's sake. 43:3 For I am the LORD
thy God, the Holy One of Israel, thy Saviour: I gave Egypt for thy ranso...m,
Ethiopia and Seba for thee.43:4 Since thou wast precious in
my sight, thou hast been honourable, and I have loved thee: therefore
will I give men for thee, and people for thy life.

Intolerance in the Biblehttp://www.skepticsannotatedbible.com/int/long.htmlBring
forth him that hath cursed without the camp; and let all that heard him
lay their hands upon his head, and let all the congregation stone
him.--Lev.24:14

If the africans had insight and understood what
the europeans were doing to the europeans,he could have saved himself
from the slave trade. If these people would do that to their
children,there is nothing for me to expect. And when the europeans hit
his shore he would have killed them on sight! That would have ...been
the end of that. He wasn't alerted to it, He was still hung up with the
fact if i have humanity ,somebody else come i'll treat him like a human
being. cause i'm a human being. Treat him like a guest,and end up being
a slave! That same kind of sentiment is still among african people till
this very day! Still (NAIVETY) about the guest. The Aztecs in Mexico
did the same thing with Cortez, when he took over Mexico,less then 2000
men took over all Mexico! came as a guest,stayed as a conquer.

John Henrik
Clarke, (Christopher Columbus and the Afrikan Holocaust: Slavery and the
Rise of European Capitalism ), looks at the issue from another
perspective which defines the problem, but excludes the cause (people in
power 'writing history' for their own imperialistic purposes):
http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=wMkzMrU5_Eo
"

How Ancient Egypt Influenced The Modern World (article) by Franz L Kessler on AuthorsDen

Source: www.authorsden.com
History,Topics related to,Peace Process,American Civil War,Politics -- East Asia,Politics -- Conservative,Politics & Women - Public Office,South Asian Politics,Military Spouses,Political Economy,General ...
How Egypt ( Kemet) Influenced The Mordern Wolrd.
http://www.authorsden.com/categories/article_top.asp?catid=17&id=15549
"

Lucifer - Where did the Word come from and what is its True Meaning?

Source: www.redicecreations.com
The word 'Lucifer' in Isaiah 14:12 presents a minor problem to mainstream Christianity. It becomes a much larger problem to Bible literalists, and becomes a huge obstacle for the claims of Mormonism. John J. Robinson in A Pilgrim's Path, pp. 47-48 explains:
'the actual term used in the Greek
Septuagint version of Isaiah 14:12 (given that there is no ONE way of
accurately transliterating) is Eo(u)s ...phoros, morning star/DAWN God of
Light.'(Aton=God of Light)'The actual name, 'Lucifer,'
goes back to the Greeks, before the Romans. Socrates and Plato talk
about this 'god of light'(Aton); surprisingly, not in the context of Eos
(god of Dawn), but -- as a morning star -- juxtaposed with the sun(Ra)''In
Clarke’s Lucifer Rising story line, the hydrogen atmosphere on the
planet Jupiter is ignited. The ensuing new 'little' sun is dubbed
'Lucifer' and illuminates the earth with its light. The result: darkness
no longer existed. Fear, suspicion, and crimes of the night disappear.
Mankind has become illuminated through the light of Lucifer.To
occultists and New Agers, the symbology of Arthur C. Clarke’s writing
was unmistakable. Lucifer, the 'light bearer' shines his knowledge
(occult 'truth') upon all humanity, chasing away fear and i...
"

Carl Sagan - Cosmos - DNA: The Language of Life

Source: www.youtube.com
Carl Sagan - Cosmos - DNA: The Language of Life
Carl
Sagan - Cosmos - DNA: The Language of Life
http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=YF3WLfimsb4
"

The Fifth Ape (2/5) - Richard Dawkins

Source: www.youtube.com
Second (of five) part of the 2008 Channel-4 documentary 'The Fifth Ape'. The documentary is part of the series 'The Genius of Darwin'. In this episode Richard Dawkins deals with some of the philosophical and social ramifications of the theory of evolution. ...
Richard Dawkins meet with an African pastor.

We have to understand what nature is in all its brutal glory' As Darwin realized,there's a struggle out there. All the players are working for their own benefit , and because they are surrounded by others who are working for their own benefit they tend to exploit each other.
http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=E6acAKaUkPU&feature=related
"

The Fifth Ape (1/5) - Richard Dawkins

Source: www.youtube.com
First (of five) part of the 2008 Channel-4 documentary 'The Fifth Ape'. The documentary is part of the series 'The Genius of Darwin'. In this episode Richard Dawkins deals with some of the philosophical and social ramifications of the theory of evolution. ...
Human evolution
From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
This article is about the general evolution of humans. For a timeline see Timeline of human evolution.

Simplified scheme of human evolution
Human evolution, or anthropogenesis, is the origin and evolution of Homo sapiens as a distinct species from other hominids, great apes and placental mammals. The study of human evolution encompasses many scientific disciplines, including physical anthropology, primatology, archaeology, linguistics and genetics.[1]
The term 'human' in the context of human evolution refers to the genus Homo, but studies of human evolution usually include other hominids, such as the Australopithecines, from which the genus Homo had diverged by about 2.3 to 2.4 million years ago in Africa.[2][3] Scientists have estimated that humans branched off from their common ancestor with chimpanzees - the only other living hominins - about 5–7 million years ago. Several species of Homo evolved and are now extinct. These include Homo erectus, which inhabited Asia, and Homo neanderthalensis, which inhabited Europe. Archaic Homo sapiens evolved between 400,000 and 250,000 years ago.
The dominant view among scientists concerning the origin of anatomically modern humans is the 'Out of Africa' or recent African origin hypothesis,[4][5][6][7] which argues that H. sapiens arose in Africa and migrated out of the continent around 50-100,000 years ago, replacing populations of H. erectus in Asia and H. neanderthalensis in Europe. Scientists supporting the alternative multiregional hypothesis argue that H. sapiens evolved as geographically separate but interbreeding populations stemming from a worldwide migration of H. erectus out of Africa nearly 2.5 million years ago.
http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=X8kTMxfpLng
"

9 - Human Ancestry Made Easy

Source: www.youtube.com
This video traces our migration out of Africa and explains, through DNA evidence, how humans colonized the world. It is part of the Made Easy series of videos that show the evidence of our origins, from the Big Bang onwards. ...
Human Ancestry Made Easyhttp://www.youtube.com/watch?v=wDknzZ9b6rgThis video traces our migration out of Africa and explains, through DNA evidence, how humans colonized the world. It is part of the Made Easy series of videos that show the evidence of our origins, from the Big Bang onwards. ...
"

Conscious Rasta Rant - "Tribes" Book Study

Source: www.youtube.com
Keidi Awadu explains the critical importance of literacy and how we can use books such as Joel Kotkin's 'Tribes: How Race, Religion and Identity Determine Success in the New Global Economy' as basis for our individual and collective growth throughout the African Diaspora.
Tribes: How Race, Religion and Identity Determine Success in the New Global Economy. - book reviews

Joel Kotkin's Tribes - a book about people ready for the 21st Century claims that only Jews, Chinese, Indian, Japanese, and British are ready. These groups have some commonalities which include (1) strong sense of identity, (2) international network, and (3) a passion for technology.

Occasionally a book comes along that is so fresh, so brilliant and so convincingly argued that it changes one's way of looking at the world. Joel Kotkin's Tribes: How Race, Religion and Family Determine Success in the New Global Economy (Random House) is that kind of book.


Kotkin, a fellow at the Center for the New West in Denver, has produced a book that will make the high priests of political correctness and quota politics throw up their hands in horror.

Kotkin argues that one of the most important generators of economic growth in the world is the activity of a small number of highly educated 'global tribes' -- the Jews, the Japanese, the offshore Chinese, the offshore Indians and others -- who have strong ethnic, cultural and usually religious identities.


Their cultural values teach them pragmatism, economic adaptability and readiness to move from country to country, even from continent to continent, in search of economic opportunity. They are, Kotkin argues, the yeast in the bread of the global economy, the catalyst peoples who make the chemistry of economic success work. And their importance in the new global economy, with its emphasis on high-tech information flow, is greater than ever.

This kind of talk is political dynamite. Historically, liberals have avoided such arguments for fear of appearing racist. Conservatives are content to argue that such minority groups be given a chance to contribute in society. Both sides tend to share silently the comfortable assumption that the American melting pot both can and should absorb such groups after a couple of generations or so

Such minority groups, often traumatized by repeated persecutions precisely because of their economic achievements, also have tried to deny their own separateness. Many such groups hold to what Jewish scholar Reuben Kimmelman calls the equation that invisibility equals safety: The more visibility in a society that an individual and his relatives receive, the more likely he will be targeted for a pogrom.

Kotkin turns all these assumptions on their head. The secret of the success of these groups, he says, is in their distinctiveness. The clannishness they are often accused of really exists and is an essential ingredient of their success. Far from condemning such characteristics, we should welcome them. Societies as a whole can flourish only when they succeed in attracting such groups.

Some of Kotkin's choices as tribes will surprise his readers. The most Powerful and successful international tribe of all, he convincingly argues, is the British. Far from shriveling into obscurity with the decline and fall of their empire, the British mercantile classes have exhibited a renewed vitality since being freed of their burden.

This has been the case especially since Margaret Thatcher took power as prime minister in 1979. During the 11 years of her premiership, British overseas investment soared to levels not seen since 1914.

Britain is now the biggest foreign investor in the United States, far outstripping its two nearest rivals, the Netherlands and Japan. The British and their North American offspring continue to control by far the largest accumulation of foreign investment and most of the largest corporations in the world, Kotkin says.

Kotkin's recipe for success and prosperity for the United States -- indeed, for any nation -- is to create the conditions for a 'global metropolis' such as New York or London, where the major trade of the world is concentrated. In such places, tribes can enjoy the economic freedom to create wealth, a tolerant, pluralistic culture, and public polity to maintain their traditions.

In one of his most fascinating chapters, Kotkin targets the up-and-coming global tribes of economic overachievers, and his picks are fascinating: the Armenians, the overseas Palestinians and the Mormons, whom he follows literary critic Harold Bloom in tapping as most likely to constitute the next world religion.

There are frustrating gaps in this book, however. While the economic tribes of the Northern Hemisphere receive comprehensive treatment, Latin America and Africa are virtually ignored. One would have liked some discussion of the impact on South America of the flight of capital from Argentina, or of the role of the Ibo, often called the 'Jews of West Africa' -- a classic tribe of persecuted economic overachievers if ever there was one.

But you can't have everything. Tribes is essential to understanding the kind of values that really make our global economy work. Entertaining and wise, it
distills many of the achiever cultures' hard-learned lessons for success.

Martin Sieff is a reporter for the foreign desk of the Washington Times.
http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=A_pivKLTVGo
"

John Coltrane - Naima - 1965

Source: www.youtube.com
July 27, 1965 in Antibes John Coltrane - Tenor Sax McCoy Tyner - Piano Jimmy Garrison - Bass Elvin Jones - Drums
John Coltrane - Naima - 1965

John William Coltrane (sometimes abbreviated to 'Trane'; September 23, 1926 – July 17, 1967[1]) was an American jazz saxophonist and composer.Working in the bebop and hard bop idioms early in his career, Coltrane helped pioneer the use of modes in jazz and later was at the forefront of free jazz.

He was prolific, making about fifty recordings as a leader during his recording career, and appeared as a sideman on many other albums, notably with trumpeter Miles Davis and pianist Thelonious Monk. As his career progressed, Coltrane's music took on an increasingly spiritual dimension.

His second wife was pianist Alice Coltrane, and their son Ravi Coltrane is also a saxophonist.He influenced innumerable musicians, and remains one of the most significant tenor saxophonists in jazz history. He received many awards, among them a posthumous Special Citation from the Pulitzer Prize Board in 2007 for his 'masterful improvisation, supreme musicianship and iconic centrality to the history of jazz.' [2
]http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=p_ywkpVJ624
"

South Africa short history

Source: www.youtube.com
Some milestones in the South African history: 1652 - Dutch Settlers arrive under the leadership of Jan van Riebeeck 1795 - British occupation 1800 onwards - the Zulu kingdom becomes mighty 1835 - Dutch ...
A teacher of African ancestry who does not go beyond certification and degrees to know or to embrace an African world-view is not an African! Cultural excellence is the essence of and African teacher. In all of our learning, we must acquire an understanding of ourselves and our heritage. This does not mean that we cannot learn from others. However, we must be critical learners, rejecting anything that is anti-African
Asa Hilliard.
"

1/9 DR. JOHN HENRIK CLARKE - THE ZULUS

Source: www.youtube.com
LECTURE ABOUT THE ZULUS BY DR. JOHN HENRIK CLARKE
Shaka's first contact with Europeans was supposedly when a small force of 25 men under British Lieutenant F. G. Farewell arrived from the Cape Colony to establish a settlement on the northern shore of the Bay of Natal. The budding settlement was able to stay on the good side of the powerful Zulu chief Shaka when they were able to administer medical aid to the chief after he'd been injured in a battle. As a token of gratitude, he granted the tiny settlment a '25-mile strip of coast a hundred miles in depth.'

DR. JOHN CLARKE - THE ZULUSLECTURE BY DR. CLARKE
http://www.youtube.com/user/WestPhillyGurl#grid/user/E7702A9156844A0F

However their next meeting with Europeans was not going to be so harmonious. Boers on their Great Trek moved into Natal and expelled the small British settlement there. The Boers had little respect for Africans as anything other than their slaves and servants. They clashed repeatedly with the Zulus over cattle and grazing lands. Becoming exasperated at the actions of the Boers, the Zulus murdered their leader Piet Retief and 70 other followers. This led the Boers to seek their revenge at the battle of Blood River where superiour Boer armaments proved decisive.
http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=gzT5jZZfJlQ
"

Religion: An African Story

Source: www.youtube.com
Going back to the root. Christianity, Judaism & Islam were all originally invented politically by the Roman government at the Council of Nicaea (325 CE), by plagiarising ancient African wisdom and spiritual knowledge. ...
ROMANS WERE CONQUERS!!!!THE RELIGION UNDER THE ROMANS
http://sacred-texts.com/egy/emec/emec07.htm

CHRISTIANITY UNDER THE ROMAN EMPERORS.http://sacred-texts.com/egy/emec/emec08.htm


CHRISTIANITY UNDER THE BYZANTINE EMPERORS.http://sacred-texts.com/egy/emec/emec09.htm

When the Emperor of the Roman Empire converted to Christianity, that reverberated throughout the territories under Roman control. In far too many cases, you either converted or faced death. That meant a widely enormous influence in Europe, which colonized the western world. When the Europeans settled in the Americas, they brought their religion with them. Practically everyone under their control had to convert to Christianity, sometimes by very brutal force, as witnessed during the Crusades and Inquisitions in Europe, and the genocide of Native Americans. Christianity, aided by Judaism, were in full control during the initiation of the Atlantic slave trade. Under the banner of Islam, approximately 1000 years before the Christians, the East Indian Ocean slave trade was created, and still exists today.

Examining The Virgin Birth/Resurrection Storyhttp://www.africawithin.com/kwaku/virgin_birth.htm
BIBST 702S: PERSECUTION AND MARTYRDOM IN EARLY CHRISTIANITYhttp://users.drew.edu/~ddoughty/Christianorigins/persecutions/
Controlling the Human SpiritThe Inquisition and Slavery1250-1800by Helen Ellerbefrom The Dark Side of Christian Historyhttp://www.positiveatheism.org/hist/ellerbe0.htm


http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=t8rBM4ho4_I&feature=related
"

Africa - A Time Of Trouble - The Coming Of The Europeans - Part 1 - Dr. John Henrik Clarke

Source: www.youtube.com
Dr.John Henrik Clarke Quote: First place you have to deal with, something, and one of the great myths in human history,and that is the myth of the invader as civilizer and conquer' no people ever conquered ,invaded any people for the sake of civilizing them! this is true even true when blacks are invading blacks' this is true across the board. this is true every time in history. I still maintain that the invader always does more harm then good.
"

Make it Plain-Role of the Afrikan Scholar

Source: www.youtube.com
www.BlackPowerMedia.com
To Be an African Teacher
By Asa G. Hilliard, III
http://www.kintespace.com/kp_asa0.html

A teacher of African ancestry who does not go beyond certification and degrees to know or to embrace an African world-view is not an African! Cultural excellence is the essence of and African teacher. In all of our learning, we must acquire an understanding of ourselves and our heritage. This does not mean that we cannot learn from others. However, we must be critical learners, rejecting anything that is anti-African.

Ptahhotep, instructs the ignorant in the knowledge and in the standards of good speech. A man teaches as he acts… The wise person feeds the soul with what endures, so that it is happy with that person on earth. The wise is known by his good actions. The heart of the wise matches his or her tongue and his or her lips are straight when he or she speaks. The wise have eyes that are made to see and ears that are made to hear what will profit the offspring. The wise is a person who acts with MAAT [truth, justice, order, balance, harmony, righteousness and reciprocity] and is free of falsehood and disorder.
—Ptahotep 2350 B. C. E.(From The Teachings of Ptahhotep, the oldest book in the world, 4750 years ago, an African book from KMT [“Egypt”]).

African teaching functions must be embedded in and must serve an African community. Traditionally, African communities have been identified by a shared belief in several key elements. It is these elements that are the foundation for African teachers.


1. The belief that the cosmos is alive.

2. The belief that spirituality is at the center of our being.

3. The belief that human society is a living spiritual part of the cosmos, not alien to it.

4. The belief that our people have a divine purpose and destiny.

5. The belief that each child is a “Living Sun,” a Devine gift of the creator.

6. The belief that, properly socialized, our children will experience stages of transformation, moving toward perfection, that is to be more like the creator (“mi Re” or like Ra, in the KMT language, meaning to try to live like God).

7. Since the deep guiding principle of “living like God” is to follow MAAT (Truth, Justice, Righteousness, Order, Reciprocity, Harmony, Balance), then African teachers focus the curriculum on the real and the true, on what was, what is, and on what can be, in keeping with divine principles.

8. African teachers place a premium on bringing their students into a knowledge of themselves and a knowledge of their communities. African people place great value on WHO each person is, on WHO the community is and the honored place that each member of the family occupies within the community.

9. African teachers respect mastery, and seek through apprenticeship to learn from truemasters, masters who are valued agents of the African community, who are steeped in the deep thought and behavior of the community, who exhibit an abiding unshakable primary loyalty to the community and who are in constant communication with the wise elders of the community.

10. African teachers recognize the genius and the divinity of each of our children, speaking to and teaching to each child’s intellect, humanity, and spirit. We do not question a child’s possession of these things. In touching the intellect, humanity and spirit within children, African teachers recognize the centrality of relationships between teachers and students, among students, and within the African community as a whole.

11. For the African teacher, teaching is a calling, a constant journey towards mastery, a scientific activity, a matter of community membership, an aspect of a learning community, a process of “becoming a library,” a matter of care and custody for our culture and traditions, a matter of a critical viewing of the wider world, and a response to the imperative of MAAT.

12. The African teacher is a parent, friend, guide, coach, healer, counselor, model, storyteller, entertainer, artist, architect, builder, minister, and advocate to and for students.


Typically the African teacher leads a social collective process, one where social bonds are reinforced or created. In this social process, the destinies of the students are connected to each other, to their families, to their communities, to their ancestors, to those who are yet to be born, to their environment, to their traditions, to MAAT as a way of life, and to their creator.
From these few thoughts, one can see that the popular use of the

African proverb, “It takes a whole village to raise a child,” is interpreted in a very trivial way, and is taken out of context. Africans who use the proverb understand it. It is a part of their world-view, their value system, a world-view and value system that may not be shared by those who quote Africans out of context. As Fu-Kiau and Lukondo-Wamba show above, the proverb is really about raising a village, not merely raising a child. It is not a matter of welfare as it is understood in the West. It really takes a whole village to raise itself, a village that values every member as a “living sun,” a village to which the child belongs, a village where every child is shown that he or she “will never be given away.” Clearly, this is a different order of “child care.” This is African teaching/socialization, and the incorporation of the child into the community.
Africans never take teaching lightly. It is a sacred calling.

The long night of slavery, colonization, apartheid, and White supremacy ideology ruptured the traditional bond between African teachers and their nurture, and even their memories of that nurture. We have been reduced in our expertise, lowered in our expectations, and limited in our goals. We have even been dehumanized and de-spiritualized. We must return to the upward ways of our ancestors. We have forgotten our aims, methods and content.
We must not bring shame on ourselves and upon our descendants. We must bring light to the world again.http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=4lzJcPhrDwA
"

Colonialism: Sins of Europe in the Scramble for Africa

Source: www.youtube.com
This video reminds me of the crimes of our ancestors and our crimes now.
1884-1885 - Berlin West African Conference carves Africa into spheres of control
In the second half of the nineteenth century, after more than four centuries of contact, the European powers finally laid claim to virtually all of Africa. Parts of the continent had been 'explored,' but now representatives of European governments and rulers arrived to create or expand African spheres of influence for their patrons. Competition was intense. Spheres of influence began to crowd each other. It was time for negotiation, and in late 1884 a conference was convened in Berlin to sort things out. This conference laid the groundwork for the now familiar politico-geographical map of Africa.

Convention Revising the General Act of Berlin, February 26,1885, and the General Act and Declaration of Brussels, July 2,1890


The American Journal of International Law, Vol. 15, No. 4, Supplement: Official Documents (Oct., 1921), 314-321.
Signed at Saint-Germain-en-Laye, September 10, 1919. (Translation.)


Whereas the General Act of the African Conference, signed at Berlin on February 26,1885, was primarily intended to demonstrate the agreement of the Powers with regard to the general principles which should guide their commercial and civilising action in the little-known or inadequately organised regions of a continent where slavery and the slave trade still flourished; and
Whereas by the Brussels Declaration of July 2,1890, it was found necessary to modify, for a provisional period of fifteen years the system of free imports established for twenty years by Article 4 of the said Act, and since that date no agreement has been entered into, notwithstanding the provisions of the said Act and Declaration; and
Whereas the territories in question are now under the control of recognised authorities, are provided with administrative institutions suitable to the local conditions, and the evolution of the native populations continues to make progress;
Wishing to ensure by arrangements suitable to modern requirements the application of the general principles of civilisation established by the Acts of Berlin and Brussels.
Who, after having communicated their full powers recognised in good and due form,
Have agreed as follows:


ARTICLE 1.
The Signatory Powers undertake to maintain between their respective nationals and those of States, Members of the League of Nations, which may adhere to the present Convention a complete commercial equality in the territories under their authority within the area denned by Article 1 of the General Act of Berlin of February 26, 1885, set out in the Annex hereto, but subject to the reservation specified in the final paragraph of that article.


ANNEX.
Article 1 of the General Act of Berlin of February 26, 1885.
The trade of all nations shall enjoy complete freedom:
1. In all the regions forming the basin of the Congo and its outlets. This basin is bounded by the watersheds (or mountain ridges) of the adjacent basins, namely in particular, those of the Niari, the Ogowe, the Shari, and the Nile, on the north; by the eastern watershed line of the affluents of Lake Tanganyika on the east; and by the watersheds of the basins of the Zambesi and the Loge on the south. It therefore comprises all the regions watered by the Congo and its affluents, including Lake Tanganyika, with its eastern tributaries.

2. In the maritime zone extending along the Atlantic Ocean from the parallel situated in 2° 30' of south latitude to the mouth of the Loge.
The northern boundary will follow the parallel situated in 2° 30 feet from the coast to the point where it meets the geographical basin of the Congo, avoiding the basin of the Ogowe, to which the provisions of the present Act do not apply.
The southern boundary will follow the course of the Loge to its source, and thence pass eastwards till it joins the geographical basin of the Congo.



3. In the zone stretching eastwards from the Congo Basin as above defined, to the Indian Ocean from 5° of north latitude to the mouth of the Zambesi in the south, from which point the line of demarcation will ascend the Zambesi to 5 miles above its confluence with the Shire, and then follow the watershed between the affluents of Lake Nyassa and those of the Zambesi, till at last it reaches the watershed between the waters of the Zambesi and the Congo.
It is expressly recognised that in extending the principal of free trade to this eastern zone, the Conference Powers only undertake engagements for themselves, and that in the territories belonging to an independent Sovereign State this principle shall only be applicable in so far as it is approved by such State. But the Powers agree to use their good offices with the Governments established on the African shore of the Indian Ocean for the purpose of obtaining such approval, and in any case of securing the most favourable conditions to the transit (traffic) of all nations.



3. In the zone stretching eastwards from the Congo Basin as above defined, to the Indian Ocean from 5° of north latitude to the mouth of the Zambesi in the south, from which point the line of demarcation will ascend the Zambesi to 5 miles above its confluence with the Shire, and then follow the watershed between the affluents of Lake Nyassa and those of the Zambesi, till at last it reaches the watershed between the waters of the Zambesi and the Congo.
It is expressly recognised that in extending the principal of free trade to this eastern zone, the Conference Powers only undertake engagements for themselves, and that in the territories belonging to an independent Sovereign State this principle shall only be applicable in so far as it is approved by such State. But the Powers agree to use their good offices with the Governments established on the African shore of the Indian Ocean for the purpose of obtaining such approval, and in any case of securing the most favourable conditions to the transit (traffic) of all nations.
ARTICLE 2.
Merchandise belonging to the nationals of the Signatory Powers, and to those of States, Members of the League of Nations, which may adhere to the present Convention, shall have free access to the interior of the regions specified in Article 1. No differential treatment shall be imposed upon the said merchandise on importation or exportation, the transit remaining free from all duties, taxes or dues, other than those collected for services rendered.
Vessels flying the flag of any of the said Powers shall also have access to all the coast and to all maritime ports in the territories specified in Article 1; they shall be subject to no differential treatment.
Subject to these provisions, the States concerned reserve to themselves complete liberty of action as to the customs and. navigation regulations and tariffs to be applied in their territories.

ARTICLE 3.
In the territories specified in Article 1 and placed under the authority of one of the Signatory Powers, the nationals of those Powers, or of States, Members of the League of Nations, which may adhere to the present Convention shall, subject only to the limitations necessary for the maintenance of public security and order, enjoy without distinction the same treatment and the same rights as the nationals of the Power exercising authority in the territory, with regard to the protection of their persons and effects, with regard to the acquisition and transmission of their movable and real property, and with regard to the exercise of their professions.



ARTICLE 4.
Each State reserves the right to dispose freely of its property and to grant concessions for the development of the natural resources of the territory, but no regulations on these matters shall admit of any differential treatment between the nationals of the Signatory Powers and of Stages, Members of the League of Nations, which may adhere to the present Convention.




ARTICLE 4.
Each State reserves the right to dispose freely of its property and to grant concessions for the development of the natural resources of the territory, but no regulations on these matters shall admit of any differential treatment between the nationals of the Signatory Powers and of Stages, Members of the League of Nations, which may adhere to the present Convention.
ARTICLE 5.
Subject to the provisions of the present chapter, the navigation of the Niger, of its branches and outlets, and of all the rivers, and of their branches and outlets, within the territories specified in Article 1, as well as of the lakes situated within those territories, shall be entirely free for merchant vessels and for the transport of goods and passengers.
Craft of every kind belonging to the nationals of the Signatory Powers and of States, Members of the League of Nations, which may adhere to the present Convention shall be treated in all respects on a footing of perfect equality.

ARTICLE 6.
The navigation shall not be subject to any restriction or dues based on the mere fact of navigation.
It shall not be exposed to any obligation in regard to landing, station, or depot, or for breaking bulk or for compulsory entry into port.
No maritime or river toll, based on the mere fact of navigation, shall be levied on vessels, nor shall any transit duty be levied on goods on board. Only such taxes or duties shall be collected as may be an equivalent for services rendered to navigation itself. The tariff of these taxes or duties shall not admit of any differential treatment.



ARTICLE 7.
The affluents of the rivers and lakes specified in Article 5 shall in all respects be subject to the same rules as the rivers or lakes of which they are tributaries.
The roads, railways or lateral canals which may be constructed with the special object of obviating the innavigability or correcting the imperfections of the water route on certain sections of the rivers and lakes specified in Article 5, their affluents, branches and outlets, shall be considered, in their quality of means of communication, as dependencies of these rivers and lakes, and shall be equally open to the traffic of the nationals of the Signatory Powers and of the States, Members of the League of Nations, which may adhere to the present Convention.
On these roads, railways and canals only such tolls shall be collected as are calculated on the cost of construction, maintenance and management, and on the profits reasonably accruing to the undertaking. As regards the tariff of these tolls, the nationals of the Signatory Powers and of States, Members of the League of Nations, which may adhere to the present Convention, shall be treated on a footing of perfect equality.


ARTICLE 8.
Each of the Signatory Powers shall remain free to establish the rules which it may consider expedient for the purpose of ensuring the safety and control of navigation, on the understanding that these rules shall facilitate, as far as possible, the circulation of merchant vessels.

ARTICLE 9.
In such sections of the rivers and of their affluents, as well as on such lakes as are not necessarily utilised by more than one riverain State, the Governments exercising authority shall remain free to establish such systems as may be required for the maintenance of public safety and order, and for other necessities of the work of civilisation and colonisation; but the regulations shall not admit of any differential treatment between vessels or between nationals of the Signatory Powers and of States, Members of the League of Nations, which may adhere to the present Convention.

ABTICLE 9.
In such sections of the rivers and of their affluents, as well as on such lakes as are not necessarily utilised by more than one riverain State, the Governments exercising authority shall remain free to establish such systems as may be required for the maintenance of public safety and order, and for other necessities of the work of civilisation and colonisation; but the regulations shall not admit of any differential treatment between vessels or between nationals of the Signatory Powers and of States, Members of the League of Nations, which may adhere to the present Convention.


ARTICLE 10.
The Signatory Powers recognise the obligation to maintain in the regions subject to their jurisdiction an authority and police forces sufficient to ensure protection of persons and of property and, if necessary, freedom of trade and of transit.


ARTICLE 11.
The Signatory Powers exercising sovereign rights or authority in African territories will continue to watch over the preservation of the native populations and to supervise the improvement of the conditions of their moral and material well-being. They will, in particular, endeavour to secure the complete suppression of slavery in all its forms and of the slave trade by land and sea.

ARTICLE 11.
The Signatory Powers exercising sovereign rights or authority in African territories will continue to watch over the preservation of the native populations and to supervise the improvement of the conditions of their moral and material well-being. They will, in particular, endeavour to secure the complete suppression of slavery in all its forms and of the slave trade by land and sea.
They will protect and favour, without distinction of nationality or of religion, the religious, scientific or charitable institutions and undertakings created and organized by the nationals of the other Signatory Powers and of States, Members of the League of Nations, which may adhere to the present Convention, which aim at leading the natives in the path of progress and civilisation. Scientific missions, their property and their collections, shall likewise be the objects of special solicitude.

ARTICLE 11.
The Signatory Powers exercising sovereign rights or authority in African territories will continue to watch over the preservation of the native populations and to supervise the improvement of the conditions of their moral and material well-being. They will, in particular, endeavour to secure the complete suppression of slavery in all its forms and of the slave trade by land and sea.
They will protect and favour, without distinction of nationality or of religion, the religious, scientific or charitable institutions and undertakings created and organized by the nationals of the other Signatory Powers and of States, Members of the League of Nations, which may adhere to the present Convention, which aim at leading the natives in the path of progress and civilisation. Scientific missions, their property and their collections, shall likewise be the objects of special solicitude.
Freedom of conscience and the free exercise of all forms of religion are expressly guaranteed to all nationals of the Signatory Powers and to those under the jurisdiction of States, Members of the League of Nations, which may become parties to the present Convention. Similarly, missionaries shall have the right to enter into, and to travel and reside in, African territory with a view to prosecuting their calling.

ARTICLE 11.
The Signatory Powers exercising sovereign rights or authority in African territories will continue to watch over the preservation of the native populations and to supervise the improvement of the conditions of their moral and material well-being. They will, in particular, endeavour to secure the complete suppression of slavery in all its forms and of the slave trade by land and sea.
They will protect and favour, without distinction of nationality or of religion, the religious, scientific or charitable institutions and undertakings created and organized by the nationals of the other Signatory Powers and of States, Members of the League of Nations, which may adhere to the present Convention, which aim at leading the natives in the path of progress and civilisation. Scientific missions, their property and their collections, shall likewise be the objects of special solicitude.
Freedom of conscience and the free exercise of all forms of religion are expressly guaranteed to all nationals of the Signatory Powers and to those under the jurisdiction of States, Members of the League of Nations, which may become parties to the present Convention. Similarly, missionaries shall have the right to enter into, and to travel and reside in, African territory with a view to prosecuting their calling.
The application of the provisions of the two preceding paragraphs shall be subject only to such restrictions as may be necessary for the maintenance of public security and order, or as may result from the enforcement of the constitutional law of any of the Powers exercising authority in African territories.

ARTICLE 11.
The Signatory Powers exercising sovereign rights or authority in African territories will continue to watch over the preservation of the native populations and to supervise the improvement of the conditions of their moral and material well-being. They will, in particular, endeavour to secure the complete suppression of slavery in all its forms and of the slave trade by land and sea.
They will protect and favour, without distinction of nationality or of religion, the religious, scientific or charitable institutions and undertakings created and organized by the nationals of the other Signatory Powers and of States, Members of the League of Nations, which may adhere to the present Convention, which aim at leading the natives in the path of progress and civilisation. Scientific missions, their property and their collections, shall likewise be the objects of special solicitude.
Freedom of conscience and the free exercise of all forms of religion are expressly guaranteed to all nationals of the Signatory Powers and to those under the jurisdiction of States, Members of the League of Nations, which may become parties to the present Convention. Similarly, missionaries shall have the right to enter into, and to travel and reside in, African territory with a view to prosecuting their calling.
The application of the provisions of the two preceding paragraphs shall be subject only to such restrictions as may be necessary for the maintenance of public security and order, or as may result from the enforcement of the constitutional law of any of the Powers exercising authority in African territories.
ARTICLE 12.
The Signatory Powers agree that if any dispute whatever should arise between them relating to the application of the present Convention which cannot be settled by negotiation, this dispute shall be submittted to an arbitral tribunal in conformity with the provisions of the Covenant of the League of Nations.

ARTICLE 13.
Except in so far as the stipulations contained in Article 1 of the present Convention are concerned, the General Act of Berlin of 26th February, 1885, and the General Act of Brussels of 2nd July, 1890, with the accompanying Declaration of equal date, shall be considered as abrogated, in so far as they are binding between the Powers which are Parties to the present Convention.

ARTICLE 14.
States exercising authority over African territories, and other States, Members of the League of Nations, which were parties either to the Act of Berlin or to the Act of Brussels or the Declaration annexed thereto, may adhere to the present Convention. The Signatory Powers will use their best endeavours to obtain the adhesion of these States.
This adhesion shall be notified through the diplomatic channel to the Government of the French Republic, and by it to all the Signatory or adhering States. The adhesion will come into force from the date of its notification to the French Government.



ARTICLE 15.
The Signatory Powers will reassemble at the expiration of ten years from the coming into force of the present Convention, in order to introduce into it such modifications as experience may have shown to be necessary.
The present Convention shall be ratified as soon as possible.
Each Power will address its ratification to the French Government, which will inform all the other Signatory Powers.The ratifications will remain deposited in the archives of the French Government.
The present Convention will come into force for each Signatory Power from the date of the deposit of its ratification, and from that moment that Power will be bound in respect of other Powers which have already deposited their ratifications.
On the coming into force of the present Convention, the French Government will transmit a certified copy to the Powers which, under the
Treaties of Peace, have undertaken to accept and observe it. The names of these Powers will be notified to the States which adhere.
In faith whereof the above-named Plenipotentiaries have signed the present Convention.
Done at Saint-Germain-en-Laye, the 10th day of September, 1919, in a single copy, which will remain deposited in the archives of the Government of the French Republic, and of which authenticated copies will be sent to each of the Signatory Powers.
King Leopold's Legacy of Congo Violence (Colonial government was responsible for millions of brutal deaths)
http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/africa/3516965.stm

The Scramble for Africa: Berlin Conference of 1884-1885 to Divide Africa
http://wysinger.homestead.com/berlinconference.html


http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=uu6-TLC0NRQ&feature=related
"

Black and Missing but Not Forgotten